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H791

Coat colour in dogs is controlled by a wide range of different genes working together.

10 working days

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Specifications

General Information

Coat colour in dogs is controlled by a wide range of different genes working together. These genes are often referred to as ‘loci’. The Extension, or E-Locus, corresponds to the gene ‘melanocortin 1 receptor’ (MC1R), which is involved in the regulation of pigment production. Active MC1R causes a cell to “switch” from the production of phaeomelanin (yellow/red pigment) to eumelanin (black/brown pigment). Mutations affecting the E-locus often result in a lightening of the coat, from black/brown to red/yellow/white.

The wild-type form of the E-Locus is designated as ‘E’. Dogs with at least one E-allele are able to produce dark coat pigment. However, this darker coat may be further affected by other coat colour loci such as the B-Locus and D-Locus.

The recessive mutations designated as ‘e’ interrupt the function of MC1R. Dogs with two e-alleles have lighter coats. Depending on the breed, their colour may be described as red, yellow, apricot, cream or white. There are several different variants of the e-mutation: e1, e2, and e3. These variants are specific to different breeds, but any combination of two e-alleles results in the loss of dark pigment. 

There are also several dominant E-locus mutations, which instead affect the distribution of dark pigment. The Grizzle mutation, EG, is specific to the Afghan Hound and Saluki, and results in the dark-topped pattern known as Grizzle or Domino. The Melanistic Mask mutation, EM, causes a mask-like darkening of the fur around the face and muzzle. However, a Melanistic Mask may be invisible if the rest of the dog’s coat is similarly dark.

The E-locus mutations have different degrees of dominance over each other. EM is dominant over all other variants, followed by EG. The three e mutations are equally recessive.

Additional information

Clinical features

References

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How does it work?

1. Select your product(s)

Select your single test, a CombiBreed Package or create your own Bundle.

2. Collect DNA sample

Collect DNA material as indicated with our products and send it to our laboratory.

3. Results

We handle your DNA sample with care and provide you with the results.

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