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Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) occurs frequently in cats.
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Specifications
| Breeds | Birman, British Longhair, Burmilla, Chinchilla Cat, Exotic Longhair, Exotic Shorthair, Himalayan, Scottish Straight, Selkirk Rex, Siberian, American Shorthair, British Shorthair, Maine Coon, Munchkin, Persian, Ragdoll, Scottish fold, Sphynx |
|---|---|
| Gene | |
| Organ | |
| specimen | Swab, Blood EDTA, Blood Heparin, Semen, Tissue |
| Mode of Inheritance | |
| Chromosome | |
| Also known as | |
| Year Published |
General information
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) occurs frequently in cats. During the life of an affected cat, cysts appear in the kidneys. These cysts put pressure on the healthy kidney tissue, which leads to a loss of function of the affected kidneys.
The disease is caused by a dominant mutation to the gene PKD1, and occurs in many breeds including Persian cats and Persian-related breeds. The mutation is likely homozygous lethal, meaning that matings between carriers can only result in either carriers (heterozygous) or unaffected cats, not fully affected (homozygous) cats.
Clinical features
Polycystic Kidney Disease causes progressive loss of kidney function. The symptoms become apparent at an adult age. Symptoms are loss of appetite, excessively drinking and urinating, vomiting, lethargy and otherwise altered behaviour.
Mating two carriers may result in a smaller litter size, as homozygous (affected) embryos spontaneously abort.
Additional information
Asymptomatic Persian cats with PKD showed higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and some cardiac structural changes. However, the clinical importance of these changes is unclear due to the absence of long-term follow-up. While early cardiac changes may occur, more research is needed to understand their significance and guide treatment. Monitoring these cats is recommended, but no direct clinical impact has been confirmed yet.
There are also breeds were this varient of PKD is tested, although the scientific evidence for this is not yet publicly available. These breeds include the Domestic Shorthair, Foldex, Highland Fold, Highland Straight, Napoleon, Ragamuffin and Devon Rex.
References
Pubmed ID: 15466259
Omia ID: 807