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Ligneous Membranitis (LM) is a rare, inherited chronic disease that affects delicate (mucous) membranes of the nostrils, mouth, throat and eyelids.
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Specifications
| Breeds | |
|---|---|
| Gene | |
| Organ | |
| specimen | Swab, Blood EDTA, Blood Heparin, Semen, Tissue |
| Mode of Inheritance | |
| Chromosome | |
| Also known as | |
| Year Published |
General information
Ligneous Membranitis (LM) is a rare, inherited chronic disease that affects delicate (mucous) membranes of the nostrils, mouth, throat and eyelids. This leads to thickening and scarring of the tissues. It can also affect the inner membranes of the heart and brain, potentially causing permanent heart and brain damage. LM is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in the plasminogen (PLG) gene, which is important for dissolving blood clots. The mutation is found in the Scottish Terrier.
Clinical features
LM typically presents by two months of age with severe ulcerations of the (mucous) membranes, including those in the mouth, eyes, and respiratory tract. This causes chronic nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and coughing. Affected dogs may show increased respiratory sounds due to severe inflammation of the larynx and trachea. LM can also affect the inner membranes of the heart and brain, potentially causing permanent heart and brain damage. Other symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, increased white blood cell counts, protein in the urine (proteinuria), and low protein levels in the blood (hypoproteinemia).
Due to the severity of the disease, affected dogs typically die or are euthanized on humane grounds before reaching adulthood.
Additional information
References
Pubmed ID: 26360520
Omia ID: 2020